Calming: green 30%, blue 15%, ….
Heller (1989)

Relaxation: green 57%, blue 16%, white 9%, …
Heller E. (1989)

Rest: green 30%, blue 21%, white 15%, brown 10%.
Heller (1989)

Tranquility: green 30%, blue 21%, white 15%, …
Heller E. (1989)

People who score high on activity are generally bussy and energetic. They love all kinds of physical activities, hard labour and physical exercises included. They get up early and quickly, jumping from one activity to another and have a wide range of interests. People with low scores are physically inactive, lethargic and easily tired. They always move at a calm pace and prefer quiet and calm holidays. High activity is a characteristic of the extrovert and low of the introvert.
Eysenck, H. J. (1998)

Desmet, 2007; adapted from Russell, 1980.

Note from the DSD editorial: The eight core affects that are brought together according to two dimensions of emotion: Arousal and Valence, can be divided over the eight primary colour codes according to the method of the Semantic Colour Space. If we assume that the semantic depth dimension corresponds to Valence, and the breadth to Arousal, the following connections may be laid:
(V-,A-) boredom, sadness, isolation: code 010 or 000, green or blue.
(V-,A0) disappointment, contempt, jealousy: code 000 or 010, blue or green.
(V-,A+) alarm, disgust, irritation: code 001 or 011, black or purple.
(V0,A+) astonishment, eagerness, curiosity: code 011 or 111, purple or yellow.
(V+,A-) satisfaction, softened, relaxed: code 100 or 110, brown or white.
(V0,A-) awaiting, deferent, calm: code 110 or 010, white or green.
(V+,A0) admiration, fascination, joyfulness: code 111 or 101, yellow or red.
(V+,A+) inspiration, desire, love: code 101 or 111, red or yellow.

The height dimension, with dominance as the emotional 3rd dimension, was not applied in Desmet and Hekkert’s research.

Simonds (1983) connects horizontality in landscapes with a positive feeling that has a calming effect. Horizontality as a sign of the ‘good life’. While verticality of composition, goes mentally deeper and shows more suited for serious subjects.

The visceral brain is responsible for the fight-or-flight response in the face of danger. Neurotic individuals are easily upset in the face of very minor stresses. However, emotionally stable people are calm under such stresses because they have lesser activation levels and higher thresholds.
(Eysenck, 1990).

An oblique line indicates an unstable situation, which causes unrest. Objects are found calmer, stronger and more controlled with more balance in the image and more restless, unstable and uncontrolled with an increasing degree of imbalance in the image (Van Rompay et al., 2005).

Long lines are seen as ‘calm’ and ‘quiet’ because their movement is slow. Short lines are more likely to be associated with ‘rushed’ or ‘restless’. (Kreitler en Kreitler, 1972).

An oblique line indicates an unstable situation, which causes unrest. Objects are found calmer, stronger and more controlled with more balance in the image and more restless, unstable and uncontrolled with an increasing degree of imbalance in the image (Van Rompay et al., 2005).

There are many proverbs and sayings that have to do with form characteristics and emotions. Straight: honest, easy, good, docile, obedient, calm, fair.
Lakoff and Johnson (1999)

All countries: light and chromatic colours.
Jung et al. (2018)