The Colour name Red stems from Old Norse rót (“root”), from Proto-Germanic *wrōts, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds (“root”); compare with English wort and the Latin rādīx (“root”). Cognate with the Icelandic rót; Old English rōt (whence the Middle English word root (“the underground part of a plant”) came, whence the English root came). (Source: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/r%C3%B3t) Ród Smoka (the bloodline of the dragon) film poster for HBO-serie. A similarity with the god Ród in Slavic mythology, who means … Continue reading Origins of the colour name ‘red’
red-Q
The red circle in the earthly paradise
Creation and the expulsion from the paradise by Giovanni di Paolo (1403–1482) The circle represents the concept of paradise in cross-cultural imagery. There is a link with the womb of mother earth. According to Campbell (1991) "The state of the child in the womb is one of bliss and may be compared to the beatitude … Continue reading The red circle in the earthly paradise
‘Protection’ and colour in Germany
Protection: brown 24%, red 18%, pink 15%, ... (Heller, 1989)
Colour genes
Opsins (protein molecules which serve as visual pigments sitting in the cones and rods) are made under the influence of genes. DNA differences result in opsins that are sensitive to different colours. Since all genes are present in all cells, the difference between a red cone and a blue cone is not which genes they … Continue reading Colour genes
‘Extrovert’ and colour in Germany
Extrovert: yellow 24%, gold 24%, orange 19%, red 14%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Erotica’ and colour in Germany
Erotica: red 63%, pink 12%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Energy’ and colour in Germany
Energy: red 38%, orange 18%, yellow 16%, gold 7%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Dynamics’ and colour in Germany
Dynamics: red 25%, blue 20%, orange 13%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Desire’ and colour in Germany
Desire: red 34%, orange 13%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Danger’ and colour in Germany
Danger: red 43%, black 24%, orange 12%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Close proximity’ and colour in Germany
Close proximity: red 29%, orange 15%, pink 12%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Bigotry’ and colour in Germany
Bigotry: pink 38%, red 14%, purple 10%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Arousal, excitement’ and colour in Germany
Arousal, excitement: red 33%, orange 20%, yellow 13%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Anger’ and colour in Germany
Anger: red 55%, black 15%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Agressivity’ and colour in Germany
Agressivity: red 50%, black 10%, yellow 10%, ... Heller (1989)
‘Activity’ and colour in Germany
Activity: red 28%, orange 18%, yellow 15%, ... Heller (1989)
The colour of ‘dangerous’ in 9 countries
All countries: red. Jung et al. (2018)
‘Sportsmanship’ and colour in Germany
Sportsmanship: blue 34%, red 17%, white 12%, ... Heller E. (1989)
‘Achievement’ and colour in Germany
Achievement: blue 20%, gold 18%, red 15%, ... Heller E. (1989)
‘Masculinity’ and colour in Germany
Masculinity: blue 35%, black 20%, brown 13%, ... In modern symbolism, blue is the colour of masculinity. The old colour of masculinity is red. The cold, passion-free virtues are part of the male appearance of blue. (Heller, 1989)
‘Sympathy’ and colour in Germany
Sympathy: blue 28%, red 17%, green 16%, ... Heller E. (1989)
Extrovert people colour preference
Extrovert people seem to have a preference for red, orange and yellow.Heller E. (1989)
Distances and colours
We connect distances with colours because colours change through distance. Red is only bright when it is close. The further away, the more bluish it becomes.Heller E. (1989)
Cold and warm colours
The distinction between cold and warm colours is very old, rooted in the language about colours (Berlin & Kay, 1969) and is perceptually important. Psychological research at the University of Padua into the cold / warm qualities of colours shows that the subjective colour temperature experience changes abruptly when the limit of the hue values … Continue reading Cold and warm colours
Colour weight on the lightness axis
Black and white are the most extreme examples of heavy and lightweight colours.
Lüscher’s active and passive colours
About behaviour of primitive man.
Warm and cold colours, cultural differences
Culturally, small variations in the choice of warm and cold colours have been identified
Unique hue
Colour naming, unique hues, and hue cancellation predicted from singularities in reflection properties. Mean research results: Unique yellow: 577nm; Unique red: 715nm; Unique Blue: 474nm; Unique green: 529nm. (Philipona & O’Regan, 2006)
Colour and aggressive sexual offences
Above average red scores have been found in men who have committed aggressive sexual offences (Siedow, 1958), while high yellow scores have been found in high performers and goal directed subjects. Thus preference for red seems to be associated with uncontrolled acting out behavior, while preference for yellow goes along with out-going but well-controlled modes … Continue reading Colour and aggressive sexual offences
Red and cognitive performance
Stone’s (2003) findings indicate that the colour red increased individuals’ levels of arousal, which when paired with a stimulating task, caused deficits in cognitive performance.(Lange, Testing & Rentfrow, 2007)